The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) are major medical and public problem, threatening the global health.
MDR-TB is defined as TB caused by bacteria that are resistant to at least rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH) – the two most important first-line anti-TB drugs. The annual global MDR-TB burden is estimated at around 425.000 cases or 5% of the global tuberculosis burden. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a challenge to TB control due to its complex diagnostic and A fast and reliable resistance testing is essential to cut transmission paths and to change treatment to effective antibiotics of the second line. Treatment for MDR-TB is cost-intensive, time-consuming (minimum 18 months) and must be undertaken by a physician experienced in therapy of MDR-TB.
XDR-TB is currently defined as TB caused by bacteria that are resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid as well as resistant to any one of the fluoroquinolones (e.g. ofloxacin and moxifloxacin) and to at least one of the injectable second-line drugs (capreomycin, viomycin, kanamycin or amikacin).
XDR-TB is currently defined as TB caused by bacteria that are resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid as well as resistant to any one of the fluoroquinolones (e.g. ofloxacin and moxifloxacin) and to at least one of the injectable second-line drugs (capreomycin, viomycin, kanamycin or amikacin).
XDR-TB emerges like MDR-TB through mismanagement of treatment. XDR-TB is already spread throughout all regions of the world. In some countries more than 20% of all multidrug-resistant TB cases are XDR.!
GenoType MTBDRplus and GenoType MTBDRsl allow for rapid and reliable detection of MDR/XDR-TB.